Pathology is a branch of medical field related to the characteristics and progression of the disease through the analysis of function changes or state of the body. Pathological fields consist of anatomical pathology and clinical pathology.
Medical pathology
Medical pathology is divided into two main branches, anatomical pathology and clinical pathology. A general pathology, also called investigative pathology, Experimental pathology or theoretical pathology, is a broad and complex scientific field that seeks to understand the mechanisms of cell and tissue injuries, such as body facilities for responding to and repairing injuries.
Areas of study include cellular adaptation of injuries, necrosis, inflammation, wound healing and neoplasia. It forms the basis of the pathology, the application of this knowledge to diagnose diseases in humans and animals.
The general term of pathology is also used to describe the practice of anatomic and clinical pathology.
Anatomical pathologists Vs clinical pathologists
Anatomical pathologists make studies by reviewing organs while clinical pathologists examine changes in the real function of the body’s physiology.
Pathology is the study and diagnosis of diseases through examination of organs, tissues, body fluids, and whole body (autopsy). Pathology also includes scientific studies related to disease processes, called general pathology.
Clinical pathology
Clinical pathology is a branch of medical specialists who pay more attention to the diagnosis of diseases through laboratory analysis of bodily fluids; Blood, urine, and tissues, using chemical devices, microbiology, hematology and molecular pathology. Clinical pathologists should be familiar with the clinical aspects of medical laboratories.
Clinical Pathology Science emphasizes research on diagnosis, recovery, and prevention of various types of diseases. In general, the examination of a disease detected a change in the various types of biochemical processes that take place in the patient’s body.
Samples commonly used for laboratory examinations are bodily fluids such as urine and blood. Clinical pathology can be used for the examination of various types of liver diseases induced by certain medications, HIV, cancer, lung disorders, and iron ion metabolic disorders in the body.
These checks generally involve a series of ongoing tests, such as microscopic analysis, immunological, hematological, and radiological tests, which take a considerable time.
Examples of the materials from clinical pathology
Screening Disease
Learn about the ways of examining a healthy population, filtering for treatments, profiles of a population and preliminary tests before any further follow-up.
Diagnosis of disease
Learned about diagnosis based on laboratory examination.
Routine checking
Learned about the examination aimed at the global things challenge the patient’s condition
Development of therapeutic Monitors
Learn about the development of some specific checks
Collection of Specimens
Nowadays, many diseases are growing and rampant in society. However, the infectious disease becomes the disease that affects people most often. Infectious diseases are often caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In the examination of infectious diseases, usually conducted physical and anamnesis examinations to find the etiology of disease.
Another way to enforce a diagnosis to find out what microorganisms cause a disease is by way of specimen examination. Therefore, for people who are in the field of health, such as nurses, must know and understand exactly how to manage the clinic specimen.
Sampling of specimens is one of a series of processes done before conducting a laboratory test. In order for the specimen to be eligible for inspection, the specimen collection process must be done following the proper rules. A laboratory to identify the cause of infection is said to be successful when taking and sending specimen the patient to the laboratory is done correctly.
The first thing to note is that the specimen collection site should be carefully selected to allow the best result regarding on organism of infectious, toxin. The sampling of the specimen itself is done by minimizing pollution by the endogenous host flora.
While the delivery of specimens to the laboratory should be carried out under the conditions of maintaining the viability of infectious agents. Delivery time should also be short to limit the growth of excessive pollutant flora.
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