Changes in the body that you experience during this time, are not separated from the role of the endocrine system or the hormonal system. For example, your son’s voice is heavy, breast milk is secreted after childbirth, or increased heartbeat when faced with stress. That’s some small examples, which are influenced by the endocrine system.
The endocrine system or hormonal system, as its name suggests, it is a gland tissue that produces hormones in the body. The hormone itself, is a chemical compound body message delivery. That is, hormones and endocrine systems play a role in intercellular communication, because hormones carry information and instruction.
In general, the endocrine system is responsible for regulating various bodily functions through the release of hormones such as metabolism, growth and development, se**xual function and reproduction, blood pressure, appetite, and sleep cycles. However, each hormone produced in the endocrine system has a different function depending of the gland where the hormone is produced. Let’s look at every function of each gland.
Classification of hormones
Developmental hormones
Hormones that play a role in the growth and development. (Produced: gonad gland).
Metabolic hormone
The hormone regulates the process of body glucose homeostasis. (Glucose types: glucocorticoids, glucagon, catecholamines).
Tropical hormones
Hormones that are produced from the hipofisis gland as the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the ovaries and the process of spermatogonesis (luteinizing hormone / LH).
Hormones that regulates water and mineral metabolism (calcitonin)
Produced by the thyroid gland to adjust the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus.
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Endocrine System Function
Thyroid gland
The glands that lie under front neck produce thyroid hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism. Thyroid hormones are also instrumental in the growth and development of bone, brain and nervous system in children. In addition, thyroid hormones also help maintain blood pressure, heart rate, and reproductive function.
Parathyroid gland
The parathyroid gland is two pairs of small glands that are embedded on each side of the thyroid gland. This small gland releases parathyroid hormones that serve to regulate calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus secretes hormones that stimulate and suppress the release of hormones secreted towards the pituitary gland through the arteries. The hypothalamus also secretes somatostatin hormones, which cause the pituitary gland to stop the release of growth hormone.
In addition, its location in the middle of the lower part of the brain has an important role in setting the sense of satiety, metabolism, and body temperature.
The pituitary gland
The pituitary gland is located inside the brain, precisely under the hypothalamus. After gaining stimulation of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland will produce hormones that help regulate growth, production and combustion of energy, maintain blood pressure, as well as various functions in other body organs.
Adrenal glands
The triangular-shaped gland above each kidney is comprised of two parts.
First, the outside or commonly referred as the adrenal cortex and the second part is the adrenal medulla located on the inside.
The outside produces a hormone called corticosteroids, which regulate metabolism, se**xual function, immune system, as well as balance of salt and water in the body.
Meanwhile, the inside or adrenal medulla produces a hormone called catecholamines that serves to help the body cope with physical and emotional pressures by increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
Reproductive gland
Men and women have different reproductive glands. In men, it is in the tes**tes that secrete androgen hormones affecting many male characteristics such as se**xual development, facial hair growth, and spe**rm production.
While in women lies in the ovaries that produce estrogen and progesterone as well as ovum. These hormones control the development of female characteristics such as breast growth, menstruation, and pregnancy.
Pancreatic
The pancreas is an elongated organ located in the back of the abdomen. The pancreas has digestive and hormonal functions e.g. An exocrine pancreas that secretes digestive enzymes. In addition, there is an endocrine pancreas that secretes the hormone insulin as well as glucagon that regulates blood sugar levels.